Software Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Software Design - Essay Example is the procedure by which a developer creates a specification of a software objects, anticipated to accomplish objectives, using a set of available components and theme to constraints (Budgen 2003). The Design recognizes the how of the system. It comprises tradeoff analysis based on system requirements. Design quality concerns attributes applicable to ensure sustainability of the system. The attributes analyzed in this paper are concerned with the sustainability of the design. Quality features are similarly applicable to function-based and object-based designs (Rosenblatt 2014). The attributes includes cohesion, adaptability, coupling, understandability and traceability. Cohesion is an assessment of how adequately a component interface within the system. A component should execute a single consistent entity or utility. This attribute is a desirable design constituent attribute as when an alteration has to be completed. It is restricted in a distinct cohesive component. There are a number of levels of cohesion that have been identified; though, not necessary for this paper. This design attributes is not well illustrated (Page-Jones 1999). Experts have encountered a challenge in classifying this attribute as a design component. Inheriting attributes within the design component from super classes makes cohesion as a design attribute weak. In system design, component can be understood when the super-classes also the component are examined. Coupling is a measure of stability or strength of inter-connection among systems components. When it is loosely done then, the component alterations are unlikely to affect other components. Control information or shared variables exchange lead to tight coupling. Loose coupling is achievable when state decentralization (as in objects) is executed and component interfacing through parameters or message passing (Tsui et al. 2014). Coupling allows for inheritance of classes thus facilitate ease of usage as a design attribute in

Three Fundamental Concepts of Economics Essay Example for Free

Three Fundamental Concepts of Economics Essay 1. Human wants. —Two characteristics of human wants possess great importance in their bearing upon the production and consumption of wealth. First, there seems to be no limit to the number of wants of which a human being is capable. This is one reason why most people find saving so difcult; any growth of income is speedily outdistanced by the growth of wants. This characteristic also ex-plains why a general overproduction of wealth is impossible; there may be too much of one thing but not too much of all things. It also accounts for the al-most infinite variety of goods found in the markets of any modern city. Second, the continued gratification of any single want finally leads to satiety and may become even tedious and irksome. It is a well-known fact of everyday life that any pleasure loses its zest if indulged in too long. 2. Law of diminishing utility. —The fact that we get less and less satisfaction out of the continued gratification of any single want is so important that it is laid down as a fundamental proposition and is known as the law of diminishing utility. It may be stated as follows: The intensity of any utility, or of a mans desire for any good, tends to decline as he consumes successive units of it. This law doubtless has both a physiological and a psychological basis. Sports weary certain muscles and finally cease to give pleasure. The hungry man gets great satisfaction out of the first few minutes of his dinner, but his enjoyment of the meal soon begins to decline. A man who is already the owner of a silk hat, is not profusely grateful if a friend sends him a second silk hat as a Christmas gift, and if he gets a third on his next birthday he will probably look at it gloomily and wonder if he has some friend or relative whose head it will fit, for to him it is only a nuisance. This principle of diminishing utility applies with varying force in the case of different articles and different men. In the case of the silk hat, the utility declines very rapidly as the supply is increased. In the case of shirts the decline will be much less rapid. To the man who has only one shirt it will possess very great utility; he will prize it much more than he would any one shirt if he had twelve in his bureau drawer. It may be said that up to a certain point there is possible an increase in the supply of any commodity in our possession without any appreciable decline in its utility. We want a certain number of suits of clothes and a house with a certain number of rooms. Additional clothing and additional space in our house would be only a burden, something to be cared for but not wanted. Bread, potatoes and beans are nourishing. Potatoes and beans in ordinary times are cheap. If the human race would be satisfied with such food, the population of the earth might be doubled and yet all be well fed; but we demand variety in food and would protest vigorously if the same rations were placed before us day after day. . The law of demand and supply. —Every business man knows that the value or price of any article depends upon the demand for and supply of it. The law of demand and supply may be briefly stated as follows: The price or value of any article tends to vary directly with the demand and inversely with the supply; increasing or declining as the demand increases or declines, but tending to rise as the sup-ply declines and to fall as the supply increases. T he reader must not think of this law as a complete explanation of value. It is not in any sense a theory of value. It merely states in general terms a truth well known to all men familiar with the operations of trade and industry. If we analyze this law we run up against some difficult questions. What is meant by demand? Why does the value rise when the demand increases? Why does the value tend to fall when the supply increases? We find also that there is a curious interaction between value on the one hand and demand and supply on the other. If the price of an article is lowered, we discover that the demand for it tends to increase and that at the same time the supply tends to decrease. We will not undertake to discuss all these problems in this chapter, but will be satisfied with an examination of the terms demand and supply. 4. Analysis of demand. —The desire for a commodity is not in itself an economic demand for it. No matter how much a man may want an automobile, his desire can have no effect upon the prices or value of automobiles unless be has the necessary means of payment. Desire must be accompanied by the necessary purchasing power before it can become economic or effective demand, or have any influence in the market. The second point to notice in connection with demand is that it varies with the price. For example, if the price of automobiles and. the cost of operation could be cut one-half, there would undoubtedly be a great increase in the demand for automobiles and many more cars would, be made and sold. On the other hand, if any conditions cause the prices of automobiles and gasolene to be advanced, the tendency will be toward a weaker demand and smaller sales. Hence when we speak of the demand for any article, manifestly we must always have in mind a certain price, for the demand varies with the price. There is only one way of measuring the demand for an article at any given price, and that is by the quantity of it which is sold at that price. That shows how many people are willing to buy at such a price. Hence it is possible for us to define demand as being the amount of goods which people are willing to take at a given price. 5. Analysis of supply. The word supply as commonly used includes the entire stock of goods within reach of the market, but economists use it in a stricter sense, meaning by it only that portion of the entire stock which is actually offered for sale at a given price. The entire stock of wheat, for example, in a country might be 500,000 bushels and the price $2. If only 100,000 bushels were offered for sale, that would be the economic or effective supply at that price, and if 100,000 bushels were sold at that price, t hat would constitute also the economic demand. Thus in our analysis of demand and supply, we find that at any particular time and price they are measured by the same quantity of goods. This conclusion is not remarkable, for a mans purchasing power depends upon the goods he possesses, plus his credit or borrowing power which in turn depends on his power to produce in the future. How he shall use it is determined by his wants. A farmer going to market with 10 bushels of potatoes, intending to sell them and purchase groceries with the proceeds, is increasing the supply of potatoes in the market and the demand for certain groceries. To the buyers of potatoes his load constitutes an addition to the sup-ply, but to the grocer it represents a demand for certain groceries. Money is merely the medium by which the exchanges are effected; the economic demand for goods is the goods that are in the buyers possession. In modern business the buyer always goes to market equipped with money or credit, and this he has obtained either by the production of goods or by the performance of valuable services. 6. Potential demand and supply. —That part of the stock of an article which is not offered for sale at a given price is sometimes called the potential sup-ply. When would-be buyers of an article are not quite satisfied with the present price and hold back for a lower price, this is referred to as the potential demand. Dealers in any article when determining what price they may hope for naturally take into account,, so far as possible, the intensity of the potential demand and the amount of the potential supply. The great enlargement of cold storage and ware-housing facilities in recent years has made the potential supply of many commodities exceedingly important. The thrifty farmer is no longer compelled to market all his eggs. in the spring and summer, nor all his potatoes and grain crops in the fall. In normal times this withholding of foodstuffs from the market, so that they are not part of the effective supply, tends, first toward the steadying of prices and, second toward the lowering of prices, for the farmer, his profits being larger and more secure, is stimulated to an increase of production. In this book we shall use,the words demand and supply in the sense given them rdinarily by business men, meaning by supply the goods in the market seeking a purchaser, and by demand the quantity of goods which people will buy at or near any given price. 7. The value equation. —Any business man knows that the price or value of an article tends to rise when-ever the demand for it at the existing price is in excess of the supply offered for sale at that price; and conversely that the price of an article is likely to decline whenever the suppl y offered at the existing price is greater than the demand. It is conditions of this sort which account for the zigzagging of prices in the speculative markets. In the worlds great exchanges, where the prices of certain basic commodities are fixed, the traders give consideration to all possible circumstances that may affect the present or future demand or supply of the article in which they are trading. A drought in Argentina may fore-shadow a lessened supply of wheat and cause traders to bid a higher price for it, or storms in Kansas and Nebraska may threaten the corn crop and bring on a rise in the price both of corn and of pork. At any given time there are in any market a number of men more or less anxious to buy a certain commodity and others who wish to sell. If the sellers are asking too high a price, certain buyers hold off and all the stock cannot be sold. On the other hand, if they should offer their goods at too low a price, the demand would exceed the supply, certain buyers would get all they wanted and others would be disappointed.

The Most Dangerous Game versus The Child by Tiger Essay -- essays rese

The conflict of good and evil presents itself in â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† and â€Å"The Child by Tiger† in two completely different ways. One story being commercial fiction and the other being literary fiction, there are many ways of viewing variables such as good versus evil, realistic versus unrealistic stories and moral significance. The stories have different voices and are meant for different audiences, but in viewing the overall moral importance of both fictional works, the story with a greater moral significance is â€Å"The Child by Tiger†. The plot in â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† is simple, obvious and unrealistic. There is a â€Å"good guy† trying to escape from the â€Å"bad guy† who lives on Ship-Trap Island. Rainsford clumsily tumbles off of his yacht into the â€Å"blood-warm waters† (59), starting the game. His belief that animals are unable to feel and understand fear makes him the perfect, unsuspecting prey in the irony of the story. The miraculous return of Rainsford to slaughter Zaroff is the most straightforward example to the unrealistic manner of this piece. In â€Å"The Child by Tiger† there is greater artistic unity in the series of events. Dick, a handyman to the Sheppertons, is a role model to the boys in the story and they look up to him because he is fun to be around and he teaches them good morals. The resignment of the cook and Dick’s pent-up feelings he keeps inside spark something in him to kill people. During Dick’s rampage, he kills not only white men but black men, too. He is not racist like the white people are—any person standing in his way gets shot. His act of murder is artistic and swift, he kills people with one, clean blow and moves on expressionless. This artistic massacre expresses some excellent charac... ...st person. The narrator is looking back on this story and remembering things from a child’s point of view. The reader only sees the narrator’s opinion in the story, but that allows the reader to have his own opinions as well, questioning the literary work constantly. This makes the story more complex and permits the reader to wonder what is going on inside each of the characters’ heads. In considering each piece of literary work, â€Å"The Child by Tiger† is the more intricate story of the two, and thus the most morally important. â€Å"The Child by Tiger† makes the reader look deeper into the story, questioning it constantly, enquiring what each symbol means and the importance of it in the story. Interrogations like that lead the reader to get a better insight to life by questioning it rather than accepting it page-by-page as one does in â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game†.

Digital Millennium Copyright Act

I would consider the sharing and downloading of songs from the Internet to be wrong when a purchase isn’t made to obtain the download. When ecommerce is circumvented and a song is downloaded from the Internet the effects are felt beyond the large music record companies. The fans of that artist, the employees that manufacture the digital media, even you as the person downloading the content will have consequences. If the demand for a product is high the price for such product does not have to be high. Thus, if I along with many others download my favorite artist’s song the consequences ripple far past the wealthy record companies.The fans willing to pay will have a higher cost because demand is not reflected accurately. The companies that develop products to create this digital media will have fewer jobs to offer/may require terminating employees. I will feel the effects because my favorite artiest may not put out music due the demand not being accurate. This is a very i nteresting topic to discuss because here there are laws that protect copyrighted material, as well as technology that solely are used to uphold these laws. In fact, it seems that the technology are the laws regarding digital media and when avoided they are broken. Once constrains on behavior are built into the technical standards governing a technology, the technical standards effectively become a new method for governing used of the technology- in essence, the technical standards become a type of law. †(Textbook) Lending a CD to a friend is ok. There isn’t infringement to copyrights, and the rights management system is not undermined when doing so. For instance manufactures decide the rules of with the digital media can be used. â€Å"In the Case of rights management systems, copyright owners determine the rules that are embedded into the technological controls.By implementing technical constraints on access to and use of digital information, a copyright owner can eff ectively supersede the rules of the intellectual property law. †(Textbook) When allowing a friend to borrow a CD the RMS is not damaged in the process. Letting a friend download, copy to an external drive, or rip to CD music is definitely wrong. It infringes on various copyright statues, as well as undermines any rights management systems that are used with my digital media. To bypass the RMS of digital media would violate the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and is without a doubt wrong. No person shall circumvent a technological measure that effectively controls access to a work protected under this title. †(Textbook) To work around the RMS of a CD and rip songs to a library and then make a copy of these songs to a blank CD violates the DMCA. Using other technology to obtain this media is also wrong. In the case Real Networks, Inc. v. Streambox, Inc. we see that to use software to copy media is another instance of DMCA violation. In this case Real Networks offered a wa y to stream music for sampling, but if a user wanted to own the copy they must purchase the song.RealServers hosted this music and would only play content on RealPlayers. This relationship between player and server was authenticated by means of â€Å"secret handshake†. Users who have met content owners preference to download media (i. e. purchased the music) could do so by a â€Å"copy switch† authentication method. Streambox VCR allow users to bypass the copy switch mechanism, which allow users to download media without the consent or preference of the copyright holder. We see with this case that if we use software to circumvent the ecommerce process we have violated the DMCA. The DMCA prohibits the manufacture, import, offer to the public, or trafficking in any technology, product, service, device, component, or part thereof that: (3) is marketed for use in circumventing such technological protection measures. †(Textbook) Allowing this friend to download from a site is wrong as well. It violates the same DMCA standards forbidding working around RMS. Peer to peer sharing we have seen in the case A & M Records Inc, v. Napster, Inc. violates the DMCA if the holder does not grant permission to the content.To enable the act of infringing even though you yourself are not infringing does not remove liability. â€Å"Napster may be vicariously liable when it fails to affirmatively use its ability to patrol its system and preclude access to potentially infringing files listed in its search index. Napster has both the ability to use its search function to identify infringing musical recordings and the right to bar participation of users who engage in the transmission of infringing files. †(Textbook) I think that the digital copyright laws of today are reasonable.They protect the copyright holders, but there are still â€Å"free use† statues are in place that makes sampling music realistic. Today we have youtube, Pandora, and spotify ju st to name a few. If I want to sample music or even listen to my favorite genre of music I am free to. I can subscribe to a new artist on youtube and sample their music before I ever have to pay for a CD. Today technology has made it more convenient to be a consumer of media, and harder to protect your copyright for media creators. With every streaming site there is a file-sharing site.I think that it’s unfortunate that someone who worked hard to create a work of music has to deal with it being stolen, but I think there is a solution in the near future. With everything being hosted in the cloud now a days we see media outlets like itunes and spotify have huge cloud library with the ability to take a physical copy when placing it on an external device. We are seeing less and less local copies of media with the emergence of the cloud, which will make it very hard to circumvent RMS in place. So what should be the law? The laws should evolve with technology, and as of now should remain as they are.

Studying in united kingdom

Executive SummaryAnalyzing in United Kingdom is relatively more outstanding than any other states it provides a alone survey methodological analysis which enhances coincident development of an person with ample of chances in itself and internationally. This paper focuses on overall scenario of the environment of surveies and other issues such as scholarships, wellness safety, insurance, substructure and guidance. This paper elaborates the reason of the overall scenario and the argues through political, environment, societal and engineering ( PEST ) analysis, follows suggestions and recommendations.Footings of MentionToday, Education is non a mere making. It brings with it an chance to step outside the boundaries of the four walls of a schoolroom. George Savile, Marquis of Halifax justly opined, â€Å" Education is what remains when we have forgotten all that we have been taught. † Education as per my sentiment should be such that brings new people of different civilizations. It provides one an option to develop amidst assorted civilizations, ideas, perceptual experiences and experiences. I work in my company as a manager, my company is an instruction consultancy, As the manager of my consultancy AEC – Abroad Education Advisers, it is my wish that our squad accomplish a common aim with our assorted university spouses in doing a undertaking that depicts a genuinely unfastened and wide-ranging industry of thoughts, penetrations and position about the various kingdom of instruction overseas for pupils. Our consultancy ‘s chief end and aim is to acquire closer to the pupils in India, the chances of assorted demanding classs and survey plans which are being offered in the prime instruction Institutes foreign. It is our top precedence and responsibility that our pupils do non merely acquire what they desire but besides we try presenting the best option for their calling. We provide reding service to those of our pupils who look for a professional counsel for their hereafter and we guide the pupils as per their involvement in a peculiar sector or industry, We provide full aid and work in coordination with our all pupils ‘ ability, comfort and their future aspirations every bit good as whenever we choose a university for our pupils we have our chief purpose that our pupils are good satisfied with their instruction and have a better platform for get downing of their callings. Even to the universities to whom we send our pupils, we have a full religion in the universities abilities to do our pupils radiance and emerge as fore-runners at that place. It is therefore our chief aim to supply first-class services in order to convey contentment to everybody we work with. Our organisation has completed 9 old ages of excellence in our field and during the term of office we have developed our trade name image for the quality of service that we provide and have developed religion among our clients household and nearby for the abroad instruction services. AEC Education Consultants is one of the fastest lifting globally educational advisers dedicated to supplying the Indian pupils with all indispensable information refering to the acquisition chances in UK. As from the recent old ages UK has been a topographic point where there is a perfect blend of assorted traditions, civilization, international exposure every bit good as planetary competition which makes a pupil non merely makes his instruction complete in a perfect environment but besides enhances a pupil ‘s character which helps them in their long tally calling as good, pupils after holding a twelvemonth or more than in the state are good versed with international environment but besides due to such mixture of assorted international pupils, they even inherit the manner to believe otherwise and introduce some new thoughts in their respective filed. We are authorised Partner of the British High Commission advancing instruction in the U.K. We have our several subdivisions in In dia and are supplying the best guidance and aid to steer to take and prosecute a pupil ‘s dream calling. We at AEC assist our pupils with scholarships and loan every bit good. We help them in obtaining an instruction loan from nationalized Bankss.Our comprehensive services include:Career Counselling– We help our pupils to happen and take a peculiar class which will accommodate their involvement and background. Comprehensive information on the International instruction system and life style.University Selection– In this measure we help our pupils to take the best suitable University for their class. After procedure application for all the Universities in U.K, and so we can propose you which one is suited in your field.Application Producer-The following measure is to concern the selected universities. We guide our pupils in make fulling the Universities signifier ; aid in readying of Recommendation missive, Statement of intent. We send our recommendation missive wi th your university application signifier to the University emphasizes the strengths of the pupil and why she/he should be license. The admittance decision maker considers this missive in their judgement devising. We keep maintain the touch with the universities to guaranting the pupil a fleet response.Fiscal Support– We besides offer our aid in apply for bank loan and other scholarships.Visa Assistance-We help our pupils in using visa and other legal process. We prepare their visa file. We can assist our pupils in set uping all needed papers for visa application. We besides verify all the documents in our file and submit it harmonizing to the high commission/embassy demands.Accommodation & A ; Airport Pick Up– We besides manage and book the adjustment in the abroad state. We will besides form the airdrome pick up service for our pupils. Our pupil ‘s safety is our first responsibility.Travel Agreements-We will besides help our pupils in travel agreement, foreign c urrency, all type insurance policy, opening a bank history in abroad state, cellular phone services in abroad state and other services every bit good.From the recent old ages, as UK has become progressively a topographic point where instruction is one of the best throughout the universe. Our clients are pupil who are interested in survey in aboard.UK universities and colleges holding 1000 classs at assorted degrees of instruction. Most of the pupil who late completed intermediate class and graduation grade prefer to travel on board for their farther surveies. The Student these yearss prefer UK grade because it take merely three old ages and postgraduate maestro ‘s class merely one twelvemonth compared with four twelvemonth in most other states.Assorted TYPE OF QUALIFICATIONS IN UNITED KINGDOM:Assorted makings offered by UK Universities and CollegesFirst Degree ( Bachelors Degree ) .Sandwich Courses: Where the assignments is accompanied by the practical work.HND ( Higher National Diploma )Vocational Courses.Postgraduate.Research ( Doctorate. )There are many inquiries work stoppage in pupil head sing aboard surveies. The most of information required by our client is related to instruction sector. There is following of inquiryWhy survey in UK?The UK is fleet emerging as one of most demanded survey topographic point for pupil in this universe.Which university should i choose in abroad?It depends on survey ba ckground and the fiscal position besides should act upon your pick of the university or college.AEC squad will be assisting you with choosing best class and university for you.How long does the admittance procedure take?Actually, it depends on the university to university and college to college. But most of the instances it takes 5 to 8 hebdomads barely.Is there any entryway test?There is no entryway trial for any class as such. However ; you need to hit in IELTS or TOEFL with minimal set is 6.5.How much does it be to analyze in aboard?It depends on the universities, college and state. If student pursue a Master class in UK University it cost around & A ; lb ; 6000 to & A ; lb ; 9000 lbs.What is sort of inn service is available?They are assorted option are available foremost, the universities provide on campus adjustment. In university adjustment consist of individual and dual room and you can hold self catered installation where you need to fix your ain nutrient. But most of clip p upil hire flats or house outside which is inexpensive and best for them.Can I pay my tuition fee by episodes?Yes you pay your tuition fee in instalment base and few universities besides offer pupils to give immense price reduction on if they pay whole tuition fee in.What is the handiness of work in the UK?Every pupil is permit to work 20 hours per hebdomad.Overview of the state of affairsThere are unexpected job will be arise with our client and us. In instance when we send the all papers of pupil to the universities for the enrollment but it will be refuse by the universities due the incompletion or incorrect certification. The UK universities want know the fiscal position of pupil for the life purpose many of the pupil face this job to agreement of hard currency on their history it ‘s a really large issue for us and our client. There is an English test, TOFEL and IELTS which behavior for the pupil who want take admittance in UK there minimal set mark is 6.5 but unluckily pup il achieved that mark, so it ‘s really bad for both us. Most of the pupils are non cognizant of foreign state about their living criterion, civilization, usage and transit, so it ‘s possible for pupil they faced trouble over at that place. Some pupil faced job with due to proficient issue like Swift transportation ( Online money transportation ) the fee is transfer at that clip to the university, so this procedure the slow down the other activity like apply for the visa, it ‘s non possible for pupils to use for the visa without acquiring unconditioned missive from the universities. If the non fall in his categories from twenty-four hours first it really hard for screen up the old talk. The first clip when we met our client we put a applier signifier which consist of many thing related to his/her past and go outing instruction background if they non make full the signifier right so its large job for us in farther manufacturer due to the invalid information we ca n't make the right thing.PEST Analysis:The PEST Analysis is stand for â€Å" Political, Economic, Social, and Technological analysis. † Sellers find many chances by placing tendencies ( way or sequences of events that have some impulse and lastingness ) and megatrends ( major societal, economic, political, and technological alterations that have long permanent influence ) . Within the fleetly altering cosmopolitan images, sellers must analyze six environmental forces, demographic, economical, social-culture, natural, technological, political -legal. In demographic environment sellers must be cognizant of population feature ; the age mix of population and literacy and instruction phases. In the Economic field, sellers need to see on income allocation and degree of nest eggs, debt and recognition handiness. In societal cultural pitch sellers must be cognizant of influence of faith, linguistic communications and imposts that shape the values and attitudes of consumer penchant, wonts and behavior. Whereas in accepted atmosphere sellers require being sensitive of populace ‘s interested concerns sing the state of affairs. Many sellers are at present bridal sustains ability and Green Marketing Programme that offer enhanced ecological consequences. In technological sphere seller should take history of accelerate velocity of technological alteration, chance for betterment ; verify R and D budgets, and the improved governmental parametric quantity brought approximately by technological alteration. In the political authorized atmosphere, sellers must work within the many Torahs modulating large concern patterns and within assorted particular involvements group. Before bring forthing a good plague analysis it is of primary importance to foremost encephalon storm the relevant factors that applies to the administration or to its concern environment. Second demand is to place the information that applies to these factors. And thirdly to pull decision from their information it is nevertheless necessary non merely to depict factors, but to believe through what they mean and how do they impact the concern. PEST analysis is merely to a strategic starting point and has its ain restrictions stressing the demand to prove the decision and happening against the world. POLITICAL: – It includes legal and regulative actions employment jurisprudence, consumer protection, and environmental protection, inter state relationship attitudes, like political tendencies, governmental leading, revenue enhancements and governmental construction. Business Legislation: Harmonizing to the World Bank any company can set up in 13 yearss compared to the others states. Tax SYSTEM: – The top corporate rate is 20 eight per centum that accounts smallest in the G7 and less than of the U.K. ‘s pillar rivals. There is fall down in corporate revenue enhancement over 50 % in earlier 1980 ‘s, it reflecting down autumn in industry sector. The highest per centum of personal revenue enhancement goes up to 40 % which is lowest in the Europe. EMPLOYMENT LAWS: Harmonizing to the World Bank the Denmark is in the first place and the UK is come to the 2nd best place. GOVERNMENT POLICIES: – The UK is least corrupt state by transparence international. It has better ranking in comparison to France, U.S.A, Germany and Japan. The figure one metropolis for concern from 19 old ages still keeping the place and commanding in 2008 by the European proctors and they find London is one of the biggest economic of import sector in the universe. ECONIMICAL ENVIRONMENT: – The family properties to the in-between income and above classs constitute the majority of devouring category, has been progressively steadily over the old ages. The urban consumers have to incur has a great cost of populating while the rural population has higher disposable income. It includes following points: – Productiveness: – Swiftly lifting historically the U.K. have lesser production than its core rival but this is changing and the U.K. has congested the infinite with several states and conquer others. Economy RATE / DEBT: -United Kingdom successful achieved the end in 2008 to unify the 501 new investings and besides expand the bing investing, which is highest than Europe. TRANSPORT LINKS: – The U.K. offer Earth category transportation links, HEATHRO ‘ s new terminal 5 is now unfastened publically and working efficaciously, farther growing is designed for international airdrome at STANSTED and London metropolis. For sea containers terminal at Felixstowe and London Gateway and for train system with venture in London. Cross train and train cargo route and rail web has improved. CREDIT AVAILABILITY: – More foreign companies set up their European central office set up at that place in the U.K. than someplace. OLYMPIC OPPERTUNITIES: – The Olympic Games in 2012 is held in London. The procuring phase is started in 2007, contracts are offered for large company of all sizes and the full estimated fiscal program will run in industry. SOCIAL CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT: – It comprise of assorted elements which are as follows: – SOCIAL MOBILITY: – The U.K. has mostly broad scope of broadband sharein comparison to the G7 states and set up a strongest I.C.T. substructure in the globally. Consumerism: -In London the top degree fiscal service Centre are present and which is top in Europe besides. Degree OF EDUCATION: – In the latest research by TIMES Higher Education in UK show the UK have Six top degree universities in Europe. U.K. research produce 16 research documents per U.S. one million dollar of research budget ( compared with 9.2 documents in the U.S. and 3.6 in Japan ) . LIFE STYLE CHANGE: – In U.K the populating criterion of people is high they are good educate and diversion because authorities introduce good policy for UK citizen ‘s. They have pay low personal revenue enhancement, authorities is besides provide fund fittingness and its free to all.UK hold a rich cultural heritage and wealth of leisure installations. POWER DISTRIBUTION INDEX: – Distribution of power is really complicated in some topographic points. Racial favoritism is more and some societies are unequal to some extent. Individuality: – Basically GEERT HOFSTEDE has mentioned cultural dimensions in which individuality is fundamentally self dependant and Bolshevism means populating with uncle, aunt, natives etc. TECNOLOGY: – In engineering the is maintain the 2nd place after U.S.A.In UK there are many immense industry and many advanced company set up his works. There are following points: – PACE OF CHANGE: – As new inventions are at that place in engineering which is really quickly adopted by the metropolis which helps them to make work more efficaciously. Internet: -For pupils it is indispensable to hold a cognition about cyberspace specially individuals who have migrated from one state to another because everything is computerised in this planetary epoch. VERIFYING R and D BUDGET: – With the usage of new M.I.S. system it has changed the face of working form. Everything is calculated and E.R.P. besides helps in happening new ways to research better chances and happen possible clients for their administration. INCREASED REGULATION OF CHANGE: – As new engineering comes which helps to make concern in different mode like C.R.M. package etc. ENVIROMENTAL TECHNOLOGY: -The United Kingdom has one of the most sparkling and globally esteemed renewable energy and environment engineering country in the universe. The UK authorities targeted to cut down the degree of CO2 emanation by 60 % by 2050 offer a healthy support for continued trade in the UK. Nanotechnology: -The UK has celebrated and good repudiated in universe for his nanotechnology, there 1500 research scientists which are concentrating on the development of nanotechnology. Recently UK authorities invest & A ; lb ; 90 million lb for six twelvemonth plan to R & A ; D section of nanotechnology.Overview of UKHarmonizing to my point of position quality of UK which should necessitate to believe when pupil make up one's minding to analyze work or unrecorded:Culture-Every civilization is good and bad portion in position every different individual and there is different type of exclusions to theses stereotype.Diversity-There is wide scope of mix civilizations in United Kingdom. The most of the foreign communities in London.Tolerance-British populace are by and large broad to aliens, and esteem the autonomy to hold different sentiment and attitude.Freedom-The citizen of UK are really free minded and they can show their feeling and idea to the aliens and regard freedom of life.H umour-They have great sense of temper, it ‘s really hard.Creativity-In UK single thoughts are encouraged. British citizen are often non as comfy with working as bunch.Modesty-British citizen are rather retiring.Language-The United Kingdom is the topographic point where the English linguistic communication born. In UK the many people are utilizing English as their first linguistic communication and other state except the US ( If you see the most English talkers in all these state such as- , UK: 60 million, Ireland/New Zealand/South Africa: 3 million ) , US: 230 million, Australia: 15 million, Canada: 20 million, .The British accent really celebrated in universe and people like it and it ‘s easy to understand.Travel-In traveling in UK is easy, you can in railroad station any many mall the aid Centre is available. There are many flights from the London across all over the universe. There are assorted conveyance but they are non efficient. But can holding no job with them.UK is a rather little state, so it ‘s non hard take a long trip to beach or passing holiday to assorted topographic point in UK.Among several states in which are close to UK of Europe continental. If student come in aboard and making survey otherwise work in the UK, they have opportunity see and understand the assorted civilizations of Portugal, Spain, Germany, Scandinavia Belgium, France.Healthiness. Most of the pupil comes for survey in UK if their class is more than 6 month. They get the benefit of free wellness intervention if you cause by any disease. Just demand to register with NHS that all.Work-International national pupil are allow to work half-time because they have limitation of 20 hr in a hebdomad. In UK the cost of life ( ex-food and adjustment ) is high,Solutions and recommendationsAn instruction in India is more theoretical base instead than practical base. Hence clients should see this option.Surveies in abroad are application base instead than theory base. Appli cation base surveies includes apply the theoretical linguistic communication in to instance surveies, assignments based on recent planetary tendencies.International exposure enables a pupil to hold knowledge about different tradition and civilization and lets a pupil know about different types of people around the universe this enhances their communicating accomplishments and do their manner of believing a small flexible.Bing a Doctorate, Masters or a alumnus from Uk universities is more valuable and acceptable throughout the universe. This means there are ample of chances for a pupil who has passed from UK.After surveies from United Kingdom a pupil non merely gets a grade which is internationally accepted but besides a pupil attains personality training, a good communicating accomplishments, and extremely analytical abilities.There are a batch of scholarships for pupils who are meriting, these scholarships can change from a & A ; lb ; 1,500- & A ; lb ; 2,500 and even some universit ies give inn adjustment for full 1 twelvemonth or even throughout the continuance of class.Prognosiss and resultsThe economic system is coming out of recession and UK is a fast growth state which will potentially advance the chances of concern and services.Graduating or get the hanging from UK enhances international exposure which aid in acquiring the coveted appellations.After analysing PEST analysis we can state future chances are really broad in U.K because in all the field conditions instruction, concern it has its name, celebrity and huge chances to work on like we studied it takes 13 yearss if you want to put a little concern here.Reference Section and Bibliographyhypertext transfer protocol: //www.aasco.com.pk/australia.phphypertext transfer protocol: //www.aecoverseas.comhypertext transfer protocol: //www.intstudy.comhypertext transfer protocol: //www.geert-hofstede.com/hypertext transfer protocol: //www.guardian.co.ukhypertext transfer protocol: //www.flightglobal.com

To be or not to be essays

To be or not to be essays One memorable moment that I found quite funny was in the film, To Be or Not to Be. While there were several hilarious scenes, the title line that pops up frequently in the film got the greatest laugh out of me. The Shakespearian line, to be, or not to be isnt funny in and of itself. In fact, in the context of Hamlet, its part of quite a serious, agonizingly introspective monologue. What makes these words so funny is the context of the movie, and the way in which it is repeated throughout the film. The first time the audience hears the title line is when, in a slight act of marital indiscretion, the actress notifies the young suitor to visit her in her dressing room. To ensure her husband wont find out, the soldier must do so when her husband enters his to be or not to be monologue where hell be occupied on the stage for quite some time. The soldier gets the message and stands up rudely during the beginning of the monologue, precisely after the words or not to be are uttered. Taken aback, the actor is beside himself that someone would lose interest in his acting ability and walk out during one of his big scenes. What makes this truly funny is that he is portrayed as an egocentric stage actor who suddenly has his dignity deflated, saying rather melodramatically, Oh, I knew this day would come. The fact that his wife has completely gotten away with seeing the young soldier adds to the comedic irony while the actor dwells at great length on the interruption and its implication of the future of his career. The line gets funnier every time it is repeated throughout the film. Each time the soldier walks out of the performance, the actors vain ego is placed deeper in jeopardy as he becomes visibly flustered on stage. In another scene where the actor is portraying the professors Nazi superior, the professor relays to the actor tha...

Education as an inseparable part of your personality Essays

Education as an inseparable part of your personality Essays Education as an inseparable part of your personality Essay Education as an inseparable part of your personality Essay During financial urgency education bides as one of the utmost and most important assets. sendspace files particularly it is apprehended as the win-win straightforward spending of financial and time reosurces. It is essential to include all the major chains in one’s education sequence: from the elementary education up to the moment when you are through with the university and probably suppose to look for the job or proceed with your studying and register for the master studies, followed by Phd. If you take out one of the chains, the learning process will be not consistent. During your elementary, middle and high education you can build a â€Å"fortress† for upcoming bachelor program in the university. This is one of the purposeses, why there are so many courses, which are not related to each other at all (like P.E. physical education, languages), but they are still combined together in the curriculum. The main point of this is to give the person the basic knowledge about the most essential areas of people’s life and development. notwithstanding, in my opinion there are several differences between the earlier periods of learning concept in the USA and Europe. In USA starting from early years the system is developed in such a direction, that pupils begin to narrow down their education to special knowledge, which will be most likely connected with their upcoming job. To be more specific, education requires more practical appeal. On the opposite side in Europe we elicit more theory and general classic education. Pupils learn the single course not connecting it a lot to their future possible type pf work. Which structure is the best? Of course representatives of each concept will argue and try to prove the failures of another concept. on the other hand this argument will never be finished. Throughout a number of years both systems confirmed to be efficient and be capable of providing proper level of study preparation of pupils before launching to the serious life. le choc des titans 2010 hotfile Thus, it is all the time depends on you: go deeper in the pure science and gain top theoretical knowledge or separate yourself a bit and attempt to start applying your skills to future profession already while learning at the early stages. Another aspect, which must be also certainly put into attention is the appeal to the academy education in various areas. In USA and the countries of past USSR (we will suppose these for comparison as those represent the issues in question in the most clear way) majority of the time student is placed in quite a uptight position and has to sort the course, which he/she is planning to study very carefully as the way of moving to another course is quite time consuming and requires a lot of resources. In European countries we have different case: students are quite protected while their university period and can change their studies around 2-3 times !? Changing too many times does not create any additional value into the education process. How might these differences be explained? In my opinion the governmental social instruments are the superior determinants in this case. USA, countries of past USSR are rather steady and social protection as the concept is not highly appreciated on the n ational level. In USA it is like this as a cosequence of generalUS mentality, heading towards lower taxes, superior state of private property, while in the countries of former USSR the economyis booming and the governmental social protection initiatives are only emerging. In Europe on the other hand we can notice, that social protection undertake a very intrinsic task in the society, and certainly in students’ lives in this situation. Having protection from the government, students can concentrate on subjects.In times of these procedures students do not risk to be taken to army or some obligatory service, which will take the education in a difficult position. Nevertheless there are definitely some negative aspects. First of all, sometimes because of this natural position students are not motivated enough and as a consequence do not spend their resources properly and might end up spending a bit too much on their bachelor program for example. In case they had dedicated more for ce, they presumptively would have finished the bachelor degree earlierand as a consequence would have a chance to undertake master before starting their job and therefore enhance their salary prospects. Therefore, you can agree that learning is one of most complex and challenging periods in life and there are a lot of roads to choose from, it’s for you to take decision which one to take.

Alcoholism - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Alcoholism - Smart Custom Writing Genetically Modified OrganismsIntroduction Genetically modified organisms are organisms whose genes have been altered by use of genetic means. The safety of GMOs is a source of ongoing debate. This is because GMOs are produced by cloning of genes of different organisms and if done uncontrollably, then there is the fear of using untested GMOs. In this essay we will examine the pros and cons of using genetically modified soya beans. Genetically modified soy Soybean is among the world’s provider of oil and protein. The soybean was commercially grown in the US in the 1950s and today the American Soybean Association exports about 50% of the soybeans to Japan while the European Union is the second largest market for US soybeans. In 1997-1999, GMOs in the US accounted for two thirds of all processed foods and today it is estimated that in the US, 91% of the soybeans planted were genetically modified. Soybeans are used for a variety of foods including soy beverages, tofu, soy flour, soy oil, bread, pastries, snack foods, baked products and edible oil products. Thus the soy beans are quiet important as they support a variety of foods and also for exports (Butcher M.) The idea of introducing bacterial genes into soybeans to enhance their growth, add nutritional contents and make them resistant to pests and diseases has now become a common thing in plant technology. At the same time, the safety of these foods produced by technology has attracted a lot of debate. The idea of introducing bacterial genes into plants as natural pesticides to eliminate chemical pesticide has been hotly debated by concerned people over the consequences of consuming these natural pesticides (Butcher M.). So the question is; is GM soy a health risk? Experiments done suggest that offspring born from GM soybeans have a low birth weight, there’s a high risk of death for the young ones consuming soy foods. Although the GM soy has been linked to sterility and infant mortality, debate still rages whether the GM soy is safe for use by man. Efforts to control gene expression have also been frustrated in some quarters heightening the risk A research carried out in Russian academy of sciences revealed that women who consume GM foods are at a higher risk of endangering their unborn babies. The research conducted using rats as an example found out that more than half of the offspring of rats that were fed on soybeans died in the first three weeks after birth. This was six times more than those born to mothers on normal soy. It was also found that six times of those under the GM diet were underweight. This is really worrying especially to humans as the morphology and biochemical structures of rats and humans are very similar as they point to a risk of mothers and their babies on soybeans food. The above experiment was done by Russian scientists who added flour from GM soy (from Monsanto) to the diet of female rats and mated them two weeks later, they then continued to feed them on GM soy during pregnancy, birth and nursing. Others were given normal soybean diet. The results showed that within three weeks, 55.6% of offspri ng’s whose mothers were fed on GM soy died compared to only 9% on non-GM soy. Also six times of the offspring’s on GM soy influence were severely underweight (Lean G. 2006).  Ã‚  Ã‚   Conclusion The issue of GM foods in our midst has drawn a lot of heated debate whether they are safe to use or not. Although restructured to be; insect resistant, drought resistant and have additional nutritional diet the consumption of soybean has been put in doubt over some experiments that were done. The experiments although done on rats showed that the GM soy can increase infant mortality rates and also severely reduce the offspring’s weight. Thus the issue of using GMOs before they are fully understood is an issue that needs to be looked at carefully.

Nummi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nummi - Essay Example However, even after sending 16 top managers to learn on the best ways to induce change in the organization in order to produce high quality cars, the managers were unable to bring changes. Majority of them opted to quit. This is because General Motors had a change resistant culture. For instance, workers liked things the way they were. This is because they were highly paid despite having not to work very hard for their compensation. Therefore, they did not see any need for change. The managers who were sent to NUMMI wanted to maintain a status quo. The compensation in General Motors was linked to hierarchy. As a result, the subordinates had to wait for years before they are promoted to management levels. Therefore, the managers did not want any change that would reduce their powers. This is because more people were reporting to them, an aspect that meant that they had more power. The Toyota approach would highly affect the hierarchical structure in General Motors. This would mean that power would be distributed to many managers in order to improve the levels of supervision. This created resistance from the above. There was an internal culture that branded teamwork as telling on each other rather than working with each other. This culture acted as a major barrier because the employees could not work as a single unit. The conflicts that remained unsolved made it hard for them to relate with each other. Therefore, even after the attempts to introduce Toyota’s culture in the organization, the level of resistance was very high because the subordinates could not put their differences aside and work together towards a common objective. General Motors was departmentalized. Therefore, there was lack of internal connection between the departments. This culture created an interdepartmental competition, an aspect that made it hard for the organization to work as a unit. When plants tried to implement the methods that were used by Toyota, they ended up failing because

Islamic Women in the Socio-Political World Case Study

Islamic Women in the Socio-Political World - Case Study Example As the report stresses the society covered by the virtues and rules of Islamic religion can be observed and be seen to have a patriarchal form where male dominates the female. This is where we get to see the real and the original role of women in the Islamic society. This paper discusses that part of the teachings of the Q’uran is for women to be submissive to their husbands especially after marriage. It is also said that a woman has no right to talk with other male other than her husband or close relatives. Going over what is mandated and what is expected for women to do is against the Q’uran. However, this kind of belief and practices no matter how oppressive as seen by many feminists and critics continue to spread and obviously still being practiced to places where Islam resides. But going deeper to the subject of women’s oppressive role in the Islamic society, there can be no doubt that women for their part somehow influence male as they make decisions that affect political and economical status. It is interesting to know that the fact that they are submissive to their husbands, they can still affect these decisions, even if they are out of power. Power and influence the book The Heritage of Islam claims are not the same or co-terminous. The quoted line above gives us an inkling that women are significant in the society not because we are arguing about existence but because the effect of women’s influence to male’s decision-making that most of the times is indirectly done and indirectly observed. This situation has long been observed by women and therefore in answer to this need or rather call for change, they have also decided to take part in the different challenges that male have been facing since time immemorial. In the same book by Creevey, it can be understood that with the search for bigger roles in the society, this in now the very famous words we call 'women empowerment.' The goal of this paper is not merely to check what empowerment of women means, or what the process is. This is just however to simply reiterate the events and factors that affected Islamic women to come out of their shells being oppressed masked by the role of a wife to their husbands. The Heritage of women somehow gives us a glimpse of this abrupt change in the status and giving the Western African as an example, we could see how women tried to rise from the simple roles of just being a wife. Nowhere in West Africa do women control the political structures or dominate the political process. In all West African countries they are permitted to

The Grapes of Wrath Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Grapes of Wrath - Essay Example This paper will examine whether or not the themes of John Steinbeck in his novels -- particularly in relation to poverty - are still relevant in today's times and whether the message that he wished to impart is universal and timeless. John Steinbeck was born on February 27, 1902. He pursued studies at the Stanford University but dropped out of university in a bid to jumpstart his writing career. He gained acclaim by writing about the common people toiling amidst the Great Depression, describing desperation and poverty with vivid and colorful images that touched the hearts of many. In The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck chronicled the travels of the Joad family from the Oklahoma Dust Bowl to California, which the family believed to be a land holding much promise and fortune for them. Together with a thousand others making the mass exodus, they brave the dusty highways carrying only their dreams and fuelled only by their faith. During their trip, they simulate society and social norms. Leaders emerge, "rules" are formed, bonds are forged, and human behavior is exposed. But even at the start of the novel, Steinbeck already established the theme of desperation of the American farmer, and how they are left out in the cold by society. Says Seelye (2003): Steinbeck uses Tom Jo... But even at the start of the novel, Steinbeck already established the theme of desperation of the American farmer, and how they are left out in the cold by society. Says Seelye (2003): Steinbeck uses Tom Joad's return from prison as a device emphasizing the alienation through dispossession of a great number of American farmers. The deserted, ramshackle Joad house is a mute witness to the impersonal, callous nature of American capitalism, which places profits over the well-being of hard-working tillers of the soil. At first identified with his family, Tom's progress thenceforth is deeper and deeper into the communal American soul, the larger family with which he becomes identified as his own disintegrates. It is of course, not unusual for writers to use literature as a forum for economic analysis. Of course, much drama is injected and there are plot twists and turns that would differentiate it from a purely economic piece. However, it cannot be denied that throughout history, literature has always been used to make a commentary on a prevailing economic situation. A good example of this may well be Gabriel Garcia Marquez' "One Hundred Years of Solitude", where the climax of the story was the savage killing of plantation workers who participated in a strike to protest oppressive working conditions. According to Watts and Smith (1989): It has long been noted that although literature and drama, like language, function as institutions in some ways separate from economic forces and conditions, they do play an important role in shaping public opinion and standards on many economic issues. In turn, economic thought and circumstances help shape and direct literature, drama and language. It is surprising then that few

Women and Minorities in K-12 Leadership Research Proposal

Women and Minorities in K-12 Leadership - Research Proposal Example Minorities are also quite resilient, with a â€Å"never say die† spirit which helps them overcome many of the difficulties that they face in their lives and work. Both women and minorities are quite assertive and they know how to stand up for what is right. The K12 education system needs leaders who are resilient enough not to give in to the challenges that come with managing educational institutions. K12 leadership also needs people who are assertive; those who can ensure that the system runs in accordance with the law. The theoretical foundation of this project will be â€Å"A woman leader can be like the sea horse. She may wobble occasionally after being besieged by the lionfish, but she regains her momentum and remains determined and aloft and swims upright – upstream† (Byers-Pevitts, 2006). Byers-Pevitts means that women cannot be discouraged by any kind of difficulty that they might face. They know how to deal with these difficulties and come out even stronger. Carter (2008) and Page (2004) affirm that women are well suited to carry out more effective K12 leadership as compared to their male counterparts during conflicts. Some researchers have also found out that involving minorities in K12 leadership would help foster some sense of oneness and cultural understanding in an institution. Since the sample size will be a big one, I will use questionnaires since they are cheaper and quicker to administer. The questionnaires are also quite easy to quantify. The interviews will help me get more quality data. They will also help me gain rapport with the interviewees. I will also get an understanding of the respondent’s views from observing their behavior. The purpose of my research is to analyze how effective women and minorities can be in K12 leadership roles. I will use primary and secondary data to show that these two groups

Hate Speech Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hate Speech Summary - Essay Example However, there are those who say that speech should be restricted if it encourages hatred or prejudice against someone of a different race, sex, religious group, or sexual orientation. One example that the article uses is that of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor from 1987. Racist fliers were distributed that used foul language such as saucer lips, porch monkeys, and jigaboos. Many universities responded to this outrage by banning hate speech through the use of speech codes. The reasoning for this is that hate speech may encourage people to go out and attack certain individuals based on their ethnic or religious background. The article uses statistics to prove that the number of hate groups is on the rise in the U.S. Some of the major groups that it mentions include the Ku Klux Klan, neo-Nazis, and the Nation of Islam. The problem with acting against these hate speech groups is that it would be a violation of their First Amendment rights, which protects them from prosecution fo r any words that they might say about another group of people. In my opinion, banning people from freedom of speech opens up a whole can of worms. This is because once you ban one group from speaking out, it would only seem fair to ban the next one, and the next one, and so on. Also, the matter of who is the authority to decide what type of speech is allowed and what type of speech is not allowed becomes a dividing issue. In fact, cracking down on hate speech could result in an increase of even more hate speech; this is one outcome that those who champion restricting hate speech would not want to see. I agree with the views of David Cole, a law professor at Georgetown University in Washington D.C., who says that the restriction of hate speech would only take away the rights of one particular group only to give even more rights to another. This would be biased because it would be treated

The Main Character-Cum-Hero in the Platoon Film Assignment

The Main Character-Cum-Hero in the Platoon Film - Assignment Example The Platoon film by Oliver Stone is a 1986 production. It is an American war film featuring Chris Taylor who is a young American college dropout going to fight in Vietnam. On his arrival to Vietnam, he finds his presence as insignificant in comparison to the other soldiers who are much experienced in battle than him. He has his own team that soon finds itself fighting both the enemy in Vietnam and the men in his own platoon. The Unforgiven film begins by introducing the cause of the conflict that the movie bases it happenings on. There are words crawling across the screen, describing the life of a woman who got married to a murderer. One of the cowboys, Davey Bunting, is in one of the rooms at the brothels with a prostitute, Alice when from another room arises some commotion. It is in Delilah’s room (another prostitute), who was with Mike, a cowboy. Mike and Delilah are fighting, with Delilah throwing things at Mike as he advances towards her with a knife that he uses to cut u p her face. The Platoon film similarly introduces its subject basis right from the start. The main character, Chris, arrives in Vietnam and is at the introduction to the generals controlling the war. As this is happening, Chris catches a glimpse of rows of soldiers’ bodies awaiting shipment back to the United States. He also sees weary soldiers who have finished their terms in Vietnam awaiting transportation back home. He later learns that the ‘older’ soldiers do not associate well with the newcomers. Chris regrets volunteering.

Hate Speech Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hate Speech Summary - Essay Example However, there are those who say that speech should be restricted if it encourages hatred or prejudice against someone of a different race, sex, religious group, or sexual orientation. One example that the article uses is that of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor from 1987. Racist fliers were distributed that used foul language such as saucer lips, porch monkeys, and jigaboos. Many universities responded to this outrage by banning hate speech through the use of speech codes. The reasoning for this is that hate speech may encourage people to go out and attack certain individuals based on their ethnic or religious background. The article uses statistics to prove that the number of hate groups is on the rise in the U.S. Some of the major groups that it mentions include the Ku Klux Klan, neo-Nazis, and the Nation of Islam. The problem with acting against these hate speech groups is that it would be a violation of their First Amendment rights, which protects them from prosecution fo r any words that they might say about another group of people. In my opinion, banning people from freedom of speech opens up a whole can of worms. This is because once you ban one group from speaking out, it would only seem fair to ban the next one, and the next one, and so on. Also, the matter of who is the authority to decide what type of speech is allowed and what type of speech is not allowed becomes a dividing issue. In fact, cracking down on hate speech could result in an increase of even more hate speech; this is one outcome that those who champion restricting hate speech would not want to see. I agree with the views of David Cole, a law professor at Georgetown University in Washington D.C., who says that the restriction of hate speech would only take away the rights of one particular group only to give even more rights to another. This would be biased because it would be treated

The impact of coffee brands on the purchasing pattern of consumers Dissertation

The impact of coffee brands on the purchasing pattern of consumers - Dissertation Example The respondents further stated that they prefer speciality coffee outlets for consumption and purchase as the area also helps to gain a further work exposure (The Independent, 2011). A.3 The interviewees in response to the brand affinity for coffee purchase stated that they generally tend to go over branded coffee than ordinary ones while taking a purchase decision. This is because the branded coffee reflects a sign of fair trade over which the consumers can easily rely upon for consumption purposes (Hayden, 2010, p.10). A.4 The respondents in the age group of 15 to 43 stated that they are more keen to purchase established and premium brands over the ordinary brands in that the purchase of high branded products reflects the consumption of ethical products. These people state that consumption of ethical products would be hygienic enough and thus safer to consume (The Telegraph, 2012). 4.2.2 Qualitative Finding 2Â   The second set of findings the age group ranging from 44 to 82 years would be considered. This age group would also be subjected to the income groups ranging from 974 to 2184 Pounds and 2688 to 5217 Pounds. This would also be conducted based on open set of questions. A.1 The second group consisting of more elderly people however responded that they liked tea more than coffee in that it reflected the culture of the bygone era. These people thus pertaining to the old culture stated that they liked consuming tea more often than coffee and thereby tea stood as a more popular beverage to them. A.2 These respondents also mentioned that they liked the consumption of coffee from speciality corners rather than from retail... The paper would focus on understanding the impact of coffee brands on the purchasing pattern of consumers. The coffee industry in United Kingdom is constituted by products that can be marketed on a mass plane and those that are especially dedicated to meet special needs of the people. The coffee brands are marketed by companies like Nestle and Kraft Foods along with other normal brands. Again coffee companies like Starbucks account for the speciality consumer groups in the region. The findings of the research reflect that the consumers of United Kingdom are tending to grow an increasing affinity for coffee products as a beverage item. The consumers were divided essentially into two groups in regards to age and income variables. It was found that the younger generation reflected an increasing affinity for taking coffee as a beverage than tea while the older generation still depended on tea as their main beverage product. Further both the younger professionals and the older groups refl ected an increasing desire to consume coffee from speciality coffee parlours in that they created a niche market. Moreover it was found that premium and established brands gains a significant importance in the purchase criteria for coffee for the consumers of both age groups. The first set of key findings indicate on the group of consumers who belong to the younger and middle aged profile ranging from 15 to 43 years and also to the lower and middle level income groups. These set of consumers reflect a growing passion to get a taste of modern beverages like coffee served at coffee parlours.

My Personal Aspirations Essay Example for Free

My Personal Aspirations Essay When you aspire for your future career, one must consider the important factors that lead to that. Each of these is an important component towards the achievement of success and the necessary foundation towards competence. With all of these mentioned, I believe that a course in Microbiology is an important determinant towards my future profession as a pharmacist. In the end, with this subject I can obtain the necessary skills needed towards addressing the challenges of my future major. Looking closely at the subject, there are many facets in microbiology that I can extract and use in my pharmacy major. One important contribution of such subject is its relative contribution in the overall development of my profession. Since the course deals with the study of organisms, it is an important benchmark towards creating an understanding of how dispensing of medicines can be made – one of the responsibilities of a pharmacist. In addition, the course can serve as an avenue for learning the importance of organisms in the overall development of life. Bio News mentions that microbiology is â€Å"concerned with the welfare of humankind, concentrating not only on aspects of host-microbial interactions influencing disease and immunity, but also on ecological concerns impacting food production and the environment† (p. 1). By establishing a good foundation of this subject, I believe that I can efficiently cater and tackle the needs of pharmacy. Now, I wish to point out what I wish to absorb and develop at the end of the course. The first thing that I want to accomplish in this is to create an understanding of how microorganisms develop and its relative characteristics. By establishing on these precepts, I can then branch out on its other subfields. By studying the form, physiology, and its other facets, I can adequately explore its other branches such as mycology, bacteriology and other (Bio News, p. 1). Also, I want to determine how an understanding in microbiology can lead towards the creation of new and improved ways of delivering cure to diseases. With the constant enhancement of today’s technology, better avenues for cure are becoming more available. In time, there has been an increased understanding among microbiologists of how to create and diagnose bacteria and viruses accordingly (Bio News, p. 1). Due to this, by better appreciating the conditions of how a particular bacterium operates, necessary adjustments can be made. Moreover, I want to personally grow under this course. By the end of this, I wish that I can be able to have the necessary skills to determine what bacteria create diseases and what others contribute to bodily functions. In addition, I want to have at least a familiarization as to what particular organism or bacteria affect a particular part of the body. Bio News furthers that â€Å"Microbiology is responsible for identifying infectious agents in blood, urine, sputum, feces, cerebrospinal fluid, and other body fluids† (p. 1) By familiarizing myself with these concepts and how they affect each processes, only then can I pursue the skills to cope with my pharmacy degree. Lastly, I aspire to learn how to cultivate bacteria to suit my needs as a pharmacist in the future. By taking up microbiology, I can differentiate different types of bacterium and how it affects every organism in the environment. Moreover, I can actively point out the relevant catalysts and how each one can contribute to the creation or degradation of various organisms within a particular ecosystem. Bio News mentions that â€Å"these bacteria are important to humans because they play a role in the ecology of life, by decomposing wastes, both natural and man-made, for example and created nitrogen fertilizer at the root zones of certain crops† (p. 1). Surely, can greatly impact on how I practice my major. After putting my expectations in the subject, I wish to correlate it on my future major which is pharmacy. By having a background in microbiology, I can better exhaust the capabilities and horizons of the pharmaceutical profession. Since the overall goal of such profession is to provide adequate levels of dosage in medicine, having a firm and solid background about the subject can help pave the way for cure among patients in the health care system. By appreciating the two subjects relationship, only then can students taking up a pharmacy major fully comprehend and use all these relevant skills. Also, having knowledge about microbiology can cultivate better relationships among patients. It must be understood that the role of such profession does not only revolve on issues surrounding facilitating cure via compounding medicines. On the other hand, pharmacists play a more active role towards creating betterment for patients. PILLS argues that â€Å"pharmacists not only educate consumers on medication use, but also monitor their patients health to ensure that the patient is getting the full benefits of the drug† (p. 1). To conclude, the microbiology subject can greatly influence and serve as a catalyst for my major in pharmacy. It serves as a tool and a foundation towards better understanding of the scientific explanation for the occurrence of things. Having this background in mind, I can better compound medicine and be a better pharmacist for patients. As PILLS argue, â€Å"from direct patient care and guidance to the forefront of pharmaceutical research, pharmacy caters to many fields† (p. 1). With all of these, having the adequate background and skills can catapult me towards attaining my dreams and fulfilling my role towards patients. Thus, the course in microbiology is an important stepping stone towards a successful career as a pharmacist.

Effects of Yoga on Weight Loss

Effects of Yoga on Weight Loss Austina Burton Abstract For this single-system research design, the main goal was to analyze the effect a 35 day intervention of doing yoga had on weight loss in a college student. A young, single Caucasian female student participated in yoga every day, for 35 days, for 60 minutes each time. A baseline was documented over 15 days, and the intervention was documented over 35 days. Her weight was recorded every five days between seven o’clock and nine o’clock in the morning. At the end of the 35th day, the participant showed an increased weight loss of 7 pounds. The results suggest that doing yoga can have positive effects on weight loss. These results are consistent with prior studies; however those studies included other factors that could influence weight change into their research, whereas this study focused solely on yoga as the main intervention. Effects of Yoga on Weight Loss Research suggests that obesity rates in the United States have more than doubled in the past fifty years, with 32.2% of adults considered obese in 2004 (Ogden et al., 2006; Flegal et al., 2002). The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, or most commonly referred to as the CDC, has found that obesity is becoming more common, serious, and costly. Currently, more than one-third of U.S. adults are obese (Adult, 2014). That is 34.9% or 78.6 million people. Rates of overweight and obesity appear to be increasing most dramatically among young adults, the 18-to-29-year-old age group. To be more detailed, the rates went from 7.1% in 1991, to 12.1% in 1998. With those having some college education, they demonstrated even greater increases in overweight and obesity (Mokdad et al., 1999). A young Caucasian woman, currently in her sophomore year of college, would like to lose weight by doing yoga; however, she has had trouble losing weight in the past. Studies show that college students are affected greatly by obesity. This critical period, involving the young adult, contains the term â€Å"Freshman 15†, which refers to the notion that the first year of college is associated with a fifteen pound weight gain. Yoga has been positively correlated with helping people â€Å"shed pounds, or at least keep them from gaining weight† (Fred, 2005). In addition, Bruckheim (1990) found that reducing fat intake can increase weight loss; however, the participant would not like to change her eating habits at this time. Statement of the Problem In this study, the case that will be presented is a 19 year old woman, who is going to do yoga; and not change what she eats. She is 5’7† tall and weighed 150 pounds at the beginning of the study. In an interview during the baseline period of the study, the participant stated she was unhappy with her weight, which causes her to feel bad about the way she looks. The participant talked about prior attempts at losing weight, which included dieting and exercising. She also stated that, with being a full time college student, she is unable to stick to a regular schedule of exercising, and has been unable to stay on a diet. Her weight has been over 150 pounds since her 9th grade year of high school, and she has had trouble losing weight ever since. The goal of this study is to increase the participant’s weight loss by doing yoga for 60 minutes per day, for 35 days. The participant’s reason for wanting to lose weight is because she wants to look thinner, and fit b etter in her clothes. Literature Review There have been numerous research studies conducted to find out more about obesity rates in America, as well as how general exercise and dieting can affect weight loss; however, there are few studies addressing the effects yoga can have on weight loss among Caucasian women who are full time students. One study completed by Wharton, Adama and Hampl (2008) found that university students are prone to using inappropriate weight loss practices , and Lloyd-Richardson et al. (2009), found that both males and females gain weight, with similar patterns observed over the freshman year and the greatest weight changes for both sexes occurred during the first semester. When it comes to physical activity and exercise, Rocette et al. (2005) found that exercise participation was approximately 50% at the beginning and end of freshman year. Although they observed no changes in aerobic or strengthening exercises, more students reported engaging in stretching exercises at the end of freshman year; however, more than half of the students in Rocette’s (2005) sample reported eating high-fat fried or fast foods at least 3 times during the week. Its widely known that regular yoga can help reduce stress, which in turn slows the production of cortisol, the hormone responsible for belly fat. A study done by Caffrey (2013) found that yoga practitioners lost fat over an initial 6 month study period, and â€Å"kept losing it during a maintenance period with less direct supervision.† Another study, funded by the National Cancer Institute, â€Å"involved 15,500 healthy, middle-aged men and women who were asked to complete a written survey recalling their physical activity, and weight history between the ages 45 and 55† (Fred, 2005). The study measured the impact of yoga with weight change, independent of other factors such as diet or other types of physical activity. The result was that those practicing yoga, who were overweight to start with, â€Å"lost about 5 pounds during the same time period those not practicing yoga gained 14 pounds† (Fred, 2005). Methodology A single system, research design was conducted over 50 days to assess the effectiveness of yoga on weight loss for an overweight 19 year old Caucasian woman. The weight loss intervention was introduced after a 15 day baseline period. The primary objective was to determine whether yoga could decrease weight, while keeping the same eating habits over a 35 day intervention period. During the 15 day baseline period (February 1st-15th), the participant was asked to document her weight in pounds every five days by nine o’clock in the morning, using a standard weight scale. The baseline period was reported to the researcher through text messages. Following the 15 day time period, an interview was conducted over the phone, where the participant established her goal to participate in yoga for 60 minutes each day for 35 days. After the baseline period and interview were over, the researcher made phone contacts with the participant every five days to monitor the progress (February 16th-March 22nd). The researcher recorded the participant’s weight in pounds on a graph over a 50 day time period (see Figure 1). Figure 1. The intervention was implemented following the 15 day baseline period, which is marked by the dotted line. Results The goal of this research study was to analyze the effect of a 35 day weight loss intervention based on yoga. A young female college student participated in yoga seven days per week for 60 minutes each day. A baseline was documented over a 15 day time period and the intervention was documented over 35 days. The participant’s weight was recorded every five days. At the end of the 50th day, the participant showed a weight loss of seven pounds. As shown in Figure 1, the goal of decreasing the participant’s weight was met. The participant showed decreased body weight, from 150 pounds to 143 pounds. Those findings are consistent with previous studies. Discussion Single-system research designs are a research methodology that lets a practitioner track their progress with a client (Bloom, 1993). Yoga has been positively associated with weight loss in experimental and quasi-experimental designs, â€Å"which look at the effect of an intervention within, or between, groups of people† (Fred, 2005). The use of yoga as an intervention in a single system design worked due to being able to establish a realistic goal and an intervention plan. Limitations occur within most research studies. In this single system research design, there were such limitations. Weight loss is affected by numerous things, such as your environment, genetics, metabolic rate, activity level, and what you eat. This study focused solely on activity levels and did not take into account the environment, genetics, metabolic rate or what the participant was eating. An uncontrolled diet was the main limitation to this study. The participant stated that she ate out at least once a week, and mostly ate at the dining hall on her college campus, where the food did not usually meet nutritious guide lines. The effect of this can be seen in Figure 1, when a pound or less was lost between day 25 and 35. The participant’s influx of weight during the baseline period was due to her ending menstrual cycle. The participant stated it was normal for her to gain weight towards the end of it. Before this study, the participant was not getting any exercise on a reg ular basis, so when she started doing yoga 60 minutes per day, it had a profound effect on her weight. Although a form of exercise alone helped this participant lose weight, research has found that, when coupled with high activity levels, eating healthy can have an even more profound effect on weight loss (Sareen et al, 2012). For that reason, when research is done further on the effects of yoga on weight loss, I recommend having a diet plan incorporated into the design if weight loss is the main goal of the study. References Adult Obesity Facts. (2014, September 9). Retrieved March 15, 2015, from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html Bloom, M. (1993). Single-system designs in the social services: Issues and options for the 1990s. New York: Haworth Press. Bruckheim, A. (June 26, 1990). Reduce fat intake to reduce weight. Chicago Tribune (pre-1997 Fulltext), 2. Caffrey, M. (2013). Restorative Yoga Better Than Stretching for Trimming Subcutaneous Fat in Overweight Women. American Journal of Managed Care. Retrieved March 22, 2015, from http://www.ajmc.com/publications/evidence-based-diabetes-management/2013/2013-1-Vol19-sp7/Restorative-Yoga-Better-Than-Stretching-for-Trimming-Subcutaneous-Fat-in-Overweight-Women Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. (2005, July 21). Regular Yoga Practice May Help Prevent Middle-age Spread. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 22, 2015 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/07/050720064358.htm Lloyd-Richardson, E.E., Bailey, S., Fava, J.L., and Wing, R.; Tobacco Etiology Research Network (TERN). (2009). A prospective study of weight gain during the college freshman and sophomore years. Prev. Med. 48 (3): 256–261. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.12.009. PMID:19146870. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. (2006). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. Jama; 295(13):1549–1555. Racette, S. B., Deusinger, S. S., Strube, M. J., Highstein, G. R., Deusinger, R. H. (2005). Weight Changes, Exercise, and Dietary Patterns during Freshman and Sophomore Years of College. Journal Of American College Health, 53(6), 245-251. Sareen S. Gropper, Karla P. Simmons, Lenda Jo Connell, and Pamela V. Ulrich. (2012). Changes in body weight, composition, and shape: a 4-year study of college students. Applied Physiology, Nutrition Metabolism, 37(6), 1118-1123. Wharton, C. M., Adams, T., Hampl, J. S. (2008, January 01). Weight loss practices and body weight perceptions among US college students. Journal of American College Health : J of Ach, 56, 5.)

Essay on Dignity of the African People in Chinua Achebes Things Fall A

Dignity of the African People Conveyed in Things Fall Apart In Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart, it is shown that the African people had their own complex culture before the Europeans decided to "pacify" them. The idea that the dignity of these people has been greatly compromised is acknowledged in the essay "The Role of the Writer," which is explanatory of Achebe's novels. A writer trying to capture the truth of a situation that his readers may know little or nothing about needs a sense of history in order to appropriately address the topic. It is not enough "to beat" another writer to the issue. Writers should make the attempt to express a deeper understanding. Without proper mental investment in a written work, the product will be a shallow representation of what it is meant to convey. Achebe chose to write his novel realistically. He includes the beauty of the Ibo's culture, as well as the gruesome. He recorded that a man might help kill his own adopted son for fear that he would be "thought weak." He also revealed that newborn twins were thrown away. Along with the "great depth" comes tragedy, but all of the details were required to make an accurate presentation of the subject. The writer must understand that the truth is not selective to the pleasant facts. The District Commissioner believed that it was important that he "be firm in cutting out the details" and decreed that a paragraph would suffice for the explanation of Okonkwo. However, Achebe, in essence, wrote an entire novel about this character. It is arrogant to believe that the complete understanding of a human being can be accomplished so easily. The character of the District Commissioner is a prime example of a biased ... ...priciously without consideration to the public's attention to written news. Care must be taken and time set aside to allow for every needed aspect of a literary work to develop. Writing for expediency often excludes the "value and beauty" in the culture of the Africans. Fallacious arguments and insincere statements result from hastening a document. Writers have the opportunity to "tell the people" the harsh realities of the past. Each one who writes about the colonial period has the choice to just write something or to write something substantial. The goal of a writer should be to influence the world for the better. With a proper attitude towards the material, knowledge of the history, and care taken for the preparation, the dignity and self-respect lost to the African people can be regained, and many can know "where the rain began to beat them."

Barilla SpA Case Study Essay

Barilla SpA, the world’s biggest pasta manufacturer, has continuously experienced problems with increased costs and inefficiencies in their operation. The fluctuations in demand have caused Barilla SpA’s manufacturing costs, inventory costs, and distribution costs to go up. Issues that influenced the demand fluctuations are the discounts Barilla SpA offers on both price and transportation, the compensations for sales representatives that is based on the volume of goods they sell to the distributors, and long lead times between time of order and time of delivery – just to name a few. The idea of JITD is to allow sales and inventory data to be shared along the supply chain. By doing so, Barilla SpA can use that data from its distributors to better understand the demand of its products and perform better forecasting. The results would be lower transportation costs due to better shipment planning, increase manufacturing efficiency, reduce inventory costs, and less stock outs for its distributors. This will benefit both Barilla SpA and its distributors, but resistance from the distributors and Barilla SpA’s internal opposition makes it difficult to implement such strategy. Barilla SpA’s sales representatives were afraid of losing their jobs because they felt with the JITD in place; they will no longer be needed. Also, it would essentially eliminate the current compensation system, meaning they would make less money. As for the distributors, the idea of providing sales data to others was unheard of at the time. The distributors did not trust Barilla SpA with their private information, and felt that they would lose control of their own operations if they had agreed with Barilla SpA. Despite of all the internal and external resistances and doubts, I still think JITD is feasible for Barilla SpA, and they should continue to try and implement it due to the large savings and increased efficiency that JITD will bring to both Barilla SpA and its distributors. In order to succeed, Barilla SpA must convince its distributors that the JITD strategy will work, and that it is also beneficial to everyone. Before trying to convince the distributors, I believe Barilla SpA must convince its sales representatives first because they are the ones the distributors talk to the most, and can have an influence in a distributor’s decision. An example of that is the Macaroni GD in the case, where its sales representative had some influence on Macaroni’s decision. Barilla SpA must communicate to its sale representatives that even with JITD in place, they will still be needed. Their responsibilities will be changed from trying to sell high volumes to selling the JITD idea and to maintain a good relationship with the distributors. The sales representatives will be the first ones to help solve any problems that the distributors has, and they will be involved in other logistic responsibilities that the JITD will require. Also, convince them that the more money the company saves, the more the company will profit; therefore a higher bonus can be given to employees. This may change Barilla SpA’s sales representatives’ perception to Pro-JITD. As for the distributors, there are a few ways that will help Barilla SpA convince them that JITD will be beneficial for everyone. Instead of trying to convince the distributors just by talking to them and telling them about JITD, Barilla SpA should develop some kind of an analysis that they can show the distributors just how it can benefit them. Show them the high costs and cons of the current strategy, and compare it to the costs savings that JITD will bring across the supply chain. Next, Barilla should implement JITD in a number of the Barilla-owned regional warehouses first. Since they own the warehouses, they will be able to test JITD with them. After a period of time, Barilla can use the information gathered to show the distributors (only if it was successful), that the implementation of JITD is a good thing. Showing the distributors the improved efficiency and cost savings that resulted from it may help win them over. One other thing that Barilla SpA can do to gain its distributors’ confidence to agree to the JITD program is signing some kind of a contract. It will be an agreement between Barilla SpA and its distributors that Barilla SpA will  basically guarantee the positive results of the JITD program. If the JITD does not work, and in turn cause the distributors to lose money due to increased costs incurred by the distributors or increased stock outs (which leads to lost of sales), then Barilla SpA will be responsible to pay them that amount. This will show the distributors that Barilla SpA is confident that this JITD program will benefit the distributors, and will help convince the distributors to sign up for JITD. The JITD strategy will result in less fluctuation in demand, and allow Barilla SpA to reduce costs and become more efficient. It will also benefit others in the supply chain as well and not just Barilla SpA. Barilla SpA must be able to convince both its internal sales representatives as well as the distributors. Once JITD is implemented, it will improve communication, cooperation, and relationship between Barilla SpA and its distributors. It will allow Barilla SpA to become more competitive and grow bigger than it already is, and its growth will benefit the distributors that trusted Barilla SpA and agreed to the JITD.

Novelist of the Harlem Renaissance Essay

In Nella Larsen’s Passing, racial identity and â€Å"passing,† or traversing the color line, have multiple configurations. Clare Kendry is the character who seems to saunter undisturbed back and forth across the color line. Irene Redfield wants to maintain a strict perimeter around her life, a perimeter far from the ambiguity of the color line. Their reunion starts when Clare introduces herself to Irene at a restaurant and end with Clare’s death. It is easy to read the novel as one where Clare is dangerous to Irene’s life. After all, she brings the color line right to Irene’s doorstep. But Irene seems to be more dangerous at the end of the novel. Larsen raises the question of whether Irene pushed Clare or if she fell. Irene and Clare interpret racial identity in very different ways. â€Å"Passing† is also open to interpretation, not only because racial identity is constructed but, because Irene and Clare also negotiate boundaries of gender and sexuality. Just as she does with race, Irene maintains a strict perimeter around her sexuality and in adhering to expectations of femininity. The abandon with which Clare seems to move back and forth across the color line is the same abandon that seems to inform her sexuality and gender identity. Larsen very skillfully unsettles reader expectations by delineating a rigid character on one hand and a flexible character on the other. Then Larsen undermines those expectations over the course of the novel. A reader’s experience of race is initially confirmed by Irene and challenged by Clare but not all of the pieces of puzzle fit. Class identity, something both Irene and Clare have in common, is a consistent challenge to broad generalizations in the 1920s about what black people could do and be. Because of the way â€Å"class† and socio-economic â€Å"place† for black people was associated with extreme poverty and lack of education, a middle-class black woman could not â€Å"stay in her place. † Works Cited Davis, Thadious M. Nella Larsen, Novelist of the Harlem Renaissance: A Woman’s Life Unveiled. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1996. Doyle, Laura. Freedom’s Empire: Race and the Rise of the Novel in Atlantic Modernity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008. Favor, J. Martin. â€Å"A Clash of Birthrights: Nella Larsen, the Feminine, and African American Identity. † Authentic Blackness: The Folk in the New Negro Renaissance. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999: 81-110. Hutchinson, George. In Search of Nella Larsen: A Biography of the Color Line. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2006. Jenkins, Candice M. â€Å"Decoding Essentialism: Cultural Authenticity and the Black Bourgeoisie in Nella Larsen’s Passing. MELUS 30. 3 (2006): 129-54. Larsen, Nella. Passing: A Norton Critical Edition. Ed. Carla Kaplan. New York: W. W. Norton, 2007. Rabin, Jessica. Surviving the Crossing: (Im)migration, Ethnicity, and Gender in Willa Cather, Gertrude Stein, and Nella Larsen. New York: Routledge, 2004. Wald, Gayle. Crossing the Line: Racial Passing in Twentieth-Century Literature and Culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2000.